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連載九 怎么給豬配種，配種管理指南( 三 )

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7. 把發(fā)情母豬轉(zhuǎn)移到配種舍，從而妊娠舍里可以保持安靜 。
Move sows in heat to the mating unit, so there will be peace in the gestation unit.
除了日常發(fā)情鑒定，在發(fā)情鑒定和妊娠鑒定上還有3個關(guān)鍵點，且每一個都體現(xiàn)在日常工作中 。
In addition to daily heat control, there are three elements in the control of oestrus and pregnancy. Everyone should be a part of the routines.
用公豬誘情可以較早的發(fā)現(xiàn)發(fā)情母豬 。(參見18 –掃描技術(shù))
Control with the boar may reveal sows in early oestrus. (See 18 – Scanning technique )
妊娠鑒定（掃描）可在第24天進行，可疑母豬可在一個星期內(nèi)再次掃描 。
Pregnancy control (scanning) can be performed from day 24 and doubtable sows are scanned again within a week.
在分娩前約3周時接種疫苗，可以通過目測來評估母豬是否懷孕 。
At vaccination approx. 3 weeks before farrowing, it is assessed visually if the sows are pregnant.
騎背測試
Riding test
陰唇紅腫的母豬，旁邊是陰唇正常的母豬
Sow with swollen labia next to a sow with normal labia 。
17.2
17.2不當(dāng)?shù)幕虿贿M行發(fā)情和妊娠鑒定會導(dǎo)致
Inadequate Or No Oestrus- And Pregnancy Control Leads To
1. 返情母豬和空懷母豬沒有被鑒別出來 。這會導(dǎo)致群體數(shù)量持續(xù)波動 。
Returners and empty sows are not being identified. They create turbulence in the group with slipping and returning to come.
2. 母豬年產(chǎn)胎次和年斷奶仔豬數(shù)減少 。空懷母豬導(dǎo)致非生產(chǎn)天數(shù)增加 。
Fewer litters and thus fewer weaners per sow per year.
3. 每一非生產(chǎn)天數(shù)的成本為20丹麥克朗 。
Empty sows give non-productive days. One non-productive day costs 20 Danish krones.
爬跨
Mounting
17.3
17.3補充說明: 妊娠鑒定
Additional Comments: Pregnancy Test
通過每天的發(fā)情鑒定可以及時的發(fā)現(xiàn)返情母豬 。30-50%的返情母豬在配種后的3周內(nèi)被發(fā)現(xiàn)，其余的（50-70%）在其它時間被發(fā)現(xiàn) 。因此，每天的發(fā)情鑒定很重要 。
By implementing a daily heat check you detect RETURNERS in time. 30-50 % of the returners are detected 3 weeks after their mating day, the rest (50-70 %) are found in the interim period. Therefore, heat check is necessary every day.
發(fā)情跡象：
Oestrus signs are:
1. 母豬讓其它母豬或公豬爬跨 。
The sow let other sows and the boar mount her.
2. 母豬跟著工作人員走 。
The sow follows the manager around the pen.
3. 母豬異?；钴S 。
The sow is hyperactive.
4. 母豬尋找公豬 。
The sow seeks the boar.
5. 母豬出現(xiàn)在電子母豬飼喂器未吃料的清單上 。
The sow may act on the remnant list of ESF.
6. 母豬的陰唇腫脹 。
The sow has swollen labia.
7. 母豬發(fā)出“低吟”聲 。
The sow “buzz”
公豬可以幫助發(fā)現(xiàn)發(fā)情母豬，但是公豬不能發(fā)現(xiàn)所有的發(fā)情母豬 。
The boar can be a help to find the oestrus sows, but the boar doesn’t discover all the oestrus sows.
1. 公豬和母豬有“一見鐘情”的現(xiàn)象 。
Both the sow and boar have preferences (“l(fā)ove at first sight”).
2. 年輕的和等級低的母豬發(fā)情癥狀不明顯 。
Young and low ranking sows do not dare to show oestrus.
公豬可以作為發(fā)現(xiàn)空懷母豬的快速工具，但具有不確定性 。
The boar should be regarded as a tool to find empty sows quickly. The boar is not a certainty.
許多空懷母豬不是周期性的，因此，不能通過查情來發(fā)現(xiàn)，只能通過掃描來發(fā)現(xiàn) 。
Many empty sows are not in cycle. Therefore, one cannot find them by heat check. They can only be found by scanning.
掃描不一定要在配種第24天后進行，但如果掃描的太早，結(jié)果具有不確定性，因為此時較難在屏幕上觀察到胚胎 。如果掃描確認母豬空懷，要立刻將其轉(zhuǎn)入配種舍 。

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