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連載九 怎么給豬配種，配種管理指南( 二 )

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并非所有的母豬都有相同的飼料轉化率 。特別是產房中非常瘦弱的母豬，即使給它們額外的飼料，它們也很難恢復到相同的體況 。因此，要對母豬的體況進行檢查，調整瘦的和肥的母豬的飼料量 。飼喂曲線A適用于略高于適中體況的母豬 。飼喂曲線B適用于年輕且瘦的母豬 。良好的體況管理是飼料采食的關鍵，因為母豬的體重每增加1公斤，就需要采食更多的飼料 。
Not all sows have the same feed conversion. Especially sows that are very emaciated from the farrowing unit, can be difficult to obtain in the same body condition again, even if they are given extra feed. Therefore should the sows’ body condition be checked and skinny and fat sows feed quantity should be regulated. Feed curve A meets sows, which is slightly above average. Feed curve B meets young and skinny sows. Good body condition management is critical for the feed consumption, since sows have a high feed consumption per kg weight gain.
過肥或過瘦的母豬應根據曲線1或3進行單獨飼喂 。
Different sows should be fed individually according to curve 1 or 3.
胎兒大部分的重量是在妊娠的最后幾周增長的 。因此，飼喂量在該期間要增加到3.5-4.0個飼料單位/天，但這不適用于肥的母豬 。
Fetus have by far the largest growth in the last weeks of gestation. Therefore, the feed strength should be increased in this period from 3,5 to 4,0 FU per day, however not for fat sows.
給豬群飼喂液體飼料時，最好每天飼喂兩次，因為飼料中的干濕料之比至少為1:4，而母豬無法適應如此大的飼喂量 。最重要的是所有的飼料閥門最好可以依次立即打開落料 。如果做不到這一點，母豬會爭著去先放料的欄里吃，這會引起豬舍內不必要的躁動 。給豬群飼喂干飼料時，建議一天一次，并且每天投喂一些秸稈 。
In herds with liquid feeding, it is advantageous to feed the sows twice a day as sows physically can not accommodate the large feed quantities when the ratio between dry:wet is 1:4 or more. It is important for the pens function that all valves in the pen feed immediately after each other. Failing this, the sows will compete to get into the boxes that are fed first, which creates unnecessary anxiety in the pen. In herds with dry feed one daily feed is recommended, when there is assigned straw daily.
溫度對母豬的采食量有很大的影響 。而瘦的母豬比肥的母豬的脂肪層薄，因此需要更多的飼料來產熱 。
Temperature has great influence on the sows feeding needs. Furthermore, skinny sows have a thinner layer of fat than fat sows and therefore has a bigger need for feed to produce heat.
溫度下降需要額外的飼料補充豬飼料單位：
Extra feed by decreasing temperature Fuso：
17. 妊娠鑒定
Pregnancy Test
17.1
17.1每日發(fā)情鑒定
Daily Heat Control
1.每天檢查所有圈舍內是否有發(fā)情母豬 。
Every day, you check for sows in heat in all units.
2. 當母豬安靜下來時，工作人員把手放入衣服口袋內到圈舍內巡視一圈（盡可能少驚擾母豬），觀察母豬 。
Go for a round in the units with your hands in your pockets and observe the animals, when they have calmed down.
3. 焦躁不安的母豬可能處于發(fā)情期 。
Sows that are restless could be in heat.
4. 如果一頭母豬爬跨另一頭母豬，它可能處于發(fā)情前期 。標記該母豬，然后在接下來的3天里進行發(fā)情鑒定 。
If a sow mounts another sow, it could be in pre heat. Mark the sow and check her for heat the next 3 days.
5. 被爬跨的母豬可能正處于發(fā)情期 。
A sow being mounted could be in heat.
6. 實施發(fā)情鑒定的“5個要點”，完成騎背測試，如果它保持不動，說明它處于發(fā)情期并且可以授精 。
Complete the 5-point-plan and finish with the riding test. If the sow stands still when you sit on her, she is in heat and can be inseminated.

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