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虛擬語氣if的三種用法三種虛擬語氣if的用法

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作為英語中最難掌握的虛擬語氣，首先需要掌握標(biāo)準(zhǔn)形式 。（例句除標(biāo)注外，均出自朗文5、牛津8）1.表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的情況從句：If+主語+動(dòng)詞的過去式（did，或be使用were（也可用was，表示）
【虛擬語氣if的三種用法三種虛擬語氣if的用法】作為英語中最難掌握的虛擬語氣，首先需要掌握標(biāo)準(zhǔn)形式 。
（例句除標(biāo)注外，均出自朗文5、牛津8）
1.表示與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的情況
從句：If +主語+動(dòng)詞的過去式（did，或be使用were（也可用was，表示）
主句：主語+ could/should/would/might + do
例如：
If he improved his IT skills, he’d (= he would) easily get a job.
他如果提高了自己的IT技能，就會(huì)容易找到工作 。
I should stay in bed if I were you.
我要是你，就臥床休息 。
If I didn’t apologize, I’d feel guilty.
如果我不道歉，我會(huì)感到內(nèi)疚 。
If Dad were here, he would know what to do.
如果爸爸在這兒，他會(huì)知道怎么做的 。
If we were to offer you more money, would you stay? = Were we to …
假如我們給你加錢，你愿意留下嗎？
The news would be interesting if (it were) true, but it’s not true. [韋氏高階]
2.表示與過去事實(shí)相反的情況
從句：If +主語+ had done
主句：主語+ could/should/would/might +have done
例如：
They would never met if she hadn’t gone to Emma’s party.
她如果不去參加艾愛瑪?shù)木蹠?huì)，他們就永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)相會(huì) 。
I would have phoned you, but there wasn’t time.
我本想給你打電話，但沒有時(shí)間 。
I could have warned you if I had known where you were.
我要是知道你在那里的話就提醒你了 。
If you had worked harder, you would have passed your exams.
要是你努力一點(diǎn)，就通過考試了 。
If I hadn’t seen it with my own eyes I wouldn’t have believed it.
要不是親眼看見了，我不會(huì)相信的 。
If I’d had time, I would have gone to Graham.
如果我那時(shí)有時(shí)間的話，我本來會(huì)去看望…的 。
If I had seen the advertisement in time I would have applied for the job.
我要是及時(shí)看到了這則廣告，我就應(yīng)聘那份工作了 。
If you had studied, you would have passed the test. [韋氏高階]
The harvest would have been good if it had rained. [韋氏高階]
Had I known that (= If I had known that) I would never have come.
要是早知道，我絕不會(huì)來的 。
Had we known about it earlier, we could have warned people of the danger.
假如早點(diǎn)知道這件事的話，我們就能提醒人們有危險(xiǎn)了 。
3.表示與將來事實(shí)相反的情況
從句： If +主語+ did或
If +主語+ were to do或
If +主語+ should do
主句：主語+ could/should/would/might + do（常使用would do）
例如：
I would be amazed if I got the job.
我要是得到這份工作就會(huì)喜出望外 。
What would you do if you won a million pounds?
如果你贏了100萬英鎊，你會(huì)做什么？
What would you do if you lost your job?
要是失去了工作你會(huì)怎么辦？[劍橋高階]
If I were to refuse they’d be very annoyed.
如果我拒絕，他們會(huì)很氣惱的 。
=[正式] Were I to refuse they’d be very annoyed.
倘若我拒絕，他們會(huì)很氣惱的 。[劍橋高階]

虛擬語氣if的三種用法三種虛擬語氣if的用法


2016年12月23日

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