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subject怎么讀 math怎么讀( 二 )


2. 形容詞
2.1可能受…影響的;易遭受…的
例句:
Prices may be subject to alteration due to international market situations.
價(jià)格可能會(huì)因國際市場情況而變動(dòng) 。
2.2.取決于;視…而定
例句:
It remains subject to approval by courts and authorities in the three countries, Airbus said in a statement.
空客在一份聲明中說,這仍然有待三個(gè)國家的法院和行政管理部門的批準(zhǔn) 。
2.3.受…支配;服從于
例句:
2.3.1. Individuals on the flights would be subject to screening, health observations and monitoring requirements.
航班上的每個(gè)人都要按要求進(jìn)行篩查、醫(yī)療觀察和監(jiān)測 。
2.3.2. Airplanes are the third-largest source of transportation-related greenhouse gas emissions and the largest not subject to greenhouse gas emissions standards.
飛機(jī)是與交通相關(guān)的溫室氣體排放的第三大來源,同時(shí)也是最大的不受溫室氣體排放標(biāo)準(zhǔn)制約的來源 。
3. 動(dòng)詞
例句:
【subject怎么讀 math怎么讀】3.1. 使…經(jīng)受;使…遭受
3.1.1. The defense lawyers claimed that the prisoners had been subjected to cruel and degrading treatment.
辯護(hù)律師聲稱囚犯遭到了虐待和侮辱 。
3.1.2. Nelson said that white schoolmates regularly subjected him to racial slurs, both during and outside of school, and that a teacher humiliated him by comparing him to a monkey during class.
納爾遜說白人同學(xué)經(jīng)常對(duì)他進(jìn)行種族辱罵,校內(nèi)外都是如此,還有個(gè)老師在課堂上把他當(dāng)作猴子進(jìn)行侮辱 。
3.2. 使…遵從;使…順從
例句:
3.2.1. Yet in 2016, the legislature criminalized it, subjecting violators to felony charges.
然而,2016年,立法機(jī)關(guān)把這種行為定為犯罪,對(duì)違反者以重罪進(jìn)行起訴 。
3.2.2. However, like any new product entering the food chain, GM foods must be subjected to careful testing.
然而,像任何進(jìn)入食物鏈的新產(chǎn)品一樣,轉(zhuǎn)基因食品必須要進(jìn)行仔細(xì)的檢測 。
3.2.3. It’s important to remember that once your adjustment-of-status application is pending, you will not be subjected to random deportation unless you commit a crime.
重要的是要記住,一旦你的身份調(diào)整申請(qǐng)?zhí)幱诖顟B(tài),你將不會(huì)被隨意驅(qū)逐出境,除非犯罪 。

subject怎么讀 math怎么讀


三、詞匯釋義、語義辨析與句子翻譯
以上例句中,作為形容詞和動(dòng)詞的用法和意義比較常見,但由于和漢語的表達(dá)方式差距比較大,尤其是從翻譯的角度看,很難找到比較一致的相對(duì)應(yīng)的漢語詞語,也就比較難以理解和使用,因此也就作為一個(gè)比較典型地道的英語學(xué)習(xí)難點(diǎn)和考點(diǎn)出現(xiàn)在英語考試資料中 。那么,如何破解類似的難點(diǎn)和考點(diǎn)呢?
首先,要認(rèn)真研讀英語釋義 。例如,subject作為動(dòng)詞的一個(gè)英語釋義是cause or force to undergo (a particular experience of form of treatment),那么關(guān)于這個(gè)釋義的理解關(guān)鍵要看undergo所包含的意義,而由于undergo含有經(jīng)歷unpleasant事件的意義,因此可以確定漢語應(yīng)該使用類似“逼迫”的對(duì)應(yīng)詞來理解 。subject作為動(dòng)詞的另一個(gè)英語釋義是bring (a person or country) under one's control or jurisdiction, typically by using force),其中的關(guān)鍵詞是jurisdiction,即漢語的司法管轄,所以在解讀含有這一意義的subject時(shí)就要聯(lián)想到和法律法規(guī)相關(guān)的行為、動(dòng)作和狀態(tài) 。subject作為動(dòng)詞的兩個(gè)釋義雖然都含有迫使的意義,但前者主要的是表示人為的迫使,后者主要的是表示基于司法的迫使 。如果能夠根據(jù)英語釋義分清subject的基本含義,關(guān)于這個(gè)詞的理解和使用就會(huì)更加簡單和準(zhǔn)確了 。

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