-m to send error messages via mail
-T to signify a title page
-w to define the width
28. The /etc/printcap file is a database defining what each known printer is capable of. It is read once by lpd at starup.
29. The lpd.perms file hods the permissions for the lpd service and can affect the operation as such utilities as lpc and lpq.
30. The lpd.conf file is used to configure the actual lpd service. There are 180 options that can be configured.
31. The lprm command is used to remove print jobs, and lprm -a will attempt to remove all spooled jobs.
32. /etc/profile在用戶(hù)登陸時(shí)被執(zhí)行,然后不同的SHELL會(huì)執(zhí)行用戶(hù)home下的對(duì)應(yīng)配置文件.如bash依次查找.bash_profile, .bash_login和.profile.
33. .bashrc在SHELL運(yùn)行開(kāi)始時(shí)被執(zhí)行. .inputrc用于鍵盤(pán)配置.
34. SHELL腳本必須有可執(zhí)行權(quán)限,或是直接被SHELL讀入執(zhí)行. 0代表正常退出.
35. SHELL腳本中應(yīng)用"#!"說(shuō)明解釋器位置(如#!/usr/bin/perl)
36. $1代表第一個(gè)命令行參數(shù). shift命令將$2變?yōu)?1,依此類(lèi)推.
37. test或者[]可用于進(jìn)行邏輯測(cè)試. if-fi構(gòu)成判斷塊.
X窗口
38. "X -showconfig"顯示X的配置情況. startx用于啟動(dòng)X窗口.
39. xterm參數(shù):
-bd設(shè)置邊界顏色
-bg設(shè)置后景色
-fg設(shè)置前景色
-fn設(shè)置字體
網(wǎng)絡(luò)
40. /etc/services 提供端口號(hào)與服務(wù)名的對(duì)應(yīng). 如 80 - http, 23 - telnet...
41. DHCP用于自動(dòng)分配IP. IP地址有32位, 8位一組. 通過(guò)前8位將IP地址分為不同類(lèi)組:
1-126 A 類(lèi)
128-191 B 類(lèi)
192-223 C 類(lèi)
在Internet上的IP地址必須獨(dú)立(UNIQUE).
42. 一些IP地址可用于內(nèi)部網(wǎng)絡(luò):
10.x.x.x A 類(lèi)
172.16.x.x B 類(lèi)
192.168.x.x C 類(lèi)
43. netmask用于識(shí)別一個(gè)主機(jī)是否屬于當(dāng)前網(wǎng)絡(luò). 缺省netmask為:
A 類(lèi) 255.0.0.0
B 類(lèi) 255.255.0.0
C 類(lèi) 255.255.255.0
網(wǎng)絡(luò)服務(wù)
44. inetd 是超級(jí)daemon, 調(diào)用其他服務(wù). 它使用/etc/inetd.conf配置文件決定應(yīng)管理哪些服務(wù).
45. hosts.allow 和 hosts.deny 用于訪問(wèn)控制. NFS 使用/etc/exports提供的配置決定export那些文件系統(tǒng). SMB用于與WINDOWS主機(jī)通訊. NMB用于識(shí)別WINDOWS主機(jī)提供的資源.
46. sendmail.cf 是 sendmail的主要配置文件. /etc/aliases 提供mail地址別名. /var/spool/mqueue 中存有mail的消息隊(duì)列. mailq用于檢查mail的消息隊(duì)列. newaliases 用于建立新的別名文件.
47. Apache提供WEB服務(wù). access.conf, httpd.conf和srm.conf是它的配置文件.
安全
48. /etc/profile 中的umask值應(yīng)小心配置, 盡量減小新文件的權(quán)限.
49. 對(duì)于SUID和SGID程序要特別小心, 盡量用權(quán)限最小的user和group.
50. shadow password用于提高 /etc/passwd的安全性. 應(yīng)使用quotas對(duì)用戶(hù)的磁盤(pán)空間進(jìn)行限制. 應(yīng)有對(duì)密碼的安全性檢查, 保證密碼至少有6-8個(gè)字符, 并定期更換密碼.
注：102為考試代號(hào)，并非是指有102個(gè)考點(diǎn)
26. The lpc utility is the main one used to manage the print service,while lpq is the primary tool for looking at and interacting with the print queue.
27. The lpr command is used to submit jobs to the print service, and there are a wide number of options that can be used with it, including:
-b to suppress a banner
-K to specify a number of copies to print
-# the same as -K
-m to send error messages via mail
-T to signify a title page
-w to define the width
28. The /etc/printcap file is a database defining what each known printer is capable of. It is read once by lpd at starup.
29. The lpd.perms file hods the permissions for the lpd service and can affect the operation as such utilities as lpc and lpq.
30. The lpd.conf file is used to configure the actual lpd service. There are 180 options that can be configured.
31. The lprm command is used to remove print jobs, and lprm -a will attempt to remove all spooled jobs.
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